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A moulin or glacier mill is a roughly circular, vertical to nearly vertical well-like shaft within a glacier through which water enters from the surface. The term is derived from the French word for mill.〔Neuendorf, K.K.E., J.P. Mehl, Jr., and J.A. Jackson, J.A., eds. (2005) ''Glossary of Geology'' (5th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp. ISBN 0-922152-76-4〕 They can be up to 10 metres wide and are typically found at a flat area of a glacier in a region of transverse crevasses. Moulins can reach the bottom of the glacier, hundreds of metres deep, or may only reach the depth of common crevasse formation (about 10–40 m) where the stream flows englacially.〔 They are the most typical cause for the formation of a glacier cave. Moulins are a part of a glacier's internal "plumbing" system, that carry meltwater from the surface down to wherever it may go. Water from a moulin often exits the glacier at base level, sometimes into the sea, and occasionally the lower end of a moulin may be exposed in the face of a glacier or at the edge of a stagnant block of ice. Water from moulins may help lubricate the base of the glacier, affecting glacial motion. Given an appropriate relationship between an ice sheet and the terrain, the head of water in a moulin can provide the power and medium with which a tunnel valley may be formed. The role of water in lubricating the base of ice sheets and glaciers is complex. ==See also== *Firn *Giant's kettle *Holocene glacial retreat *Melt pond *Sinkhole *Snake coils *Subglacial lake *Supraglacial lake 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moulin (geomorphology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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